Pregnancy
Pregnancy is characterized by specific morphological and biological changes, one of which includes digestive changes. The digestive system can be affected by pregnancy hormones which cause muscle relaxation and slow digestion. During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone causes the valve between the stomach and the esophagus to relax which results in the inability to prevent stomach acid from going back to the throat.
Pregnancies within the third trimester are characterized by heartburn and indigestion as the growing uterus puts pressure on the stomach. The pressure on the stomach and intestines causes acid reflux. To prevent or control heartburn during pregnancy, expectant mothers should consume less spicy foods, eat smaller meals at intervals and avoid eating larger meals at a go, wait at least an hour after eating before they lie down. [3]
