The inferior oblique muscle
The primary, secondary, and tertiary functions of the inferior oblique muscle are external rotation, elevation, and abduction, respectively. Originating from the maxillary bone (orbital floor) lateral to the nasolacrimal groove, it has the shortest tendon (0-1mm) and the shortest muscle (37mm) of all the eye muscles. The overactive inferior oblique muscle is commonly observed in patients with esotropia and exotropia. Based on a study, approximately 70% of patients with esotropia and 30% of patients with exotropia have the overelevation of the adducted eye. [8]
